Validation asks whether the control can work.
It considers scientific and technical evidence supporting a control for the intended application.
Verification asks whether the system is being implemented and remains effective.
Activities can include review of records, checks of monitoring instruments, and other appropriate evaluations.
Why the distinction matters
A completed production record and a technical study answer different questions. During a review, identify which question each document addresses and whether either area has an information gap.
A useful team exercise: choose one process control and list the evidence supporting it, the routine operating records, and the checks used to review implementation. Discuss who maintains each part.
This material is a preparation aid. Product-specific controls, limits, and conclusions require review of the actual application.